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APA Style Guide

Based on the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 5th edition, 2001.

This is a guide to the most frequently used entries. If you need additional help, connect to UW Catalog record for this title to see locations in UW Libraries—http://catalog.lib.washington.edu/search/i?SEARCH=2001022631

Please Note: In a manuscript, references should be double-spaced and the reference should be a hanging indent; the first line of each reference is set flush left and subsequent lines are indented.

Citing Print Resources

Type of Entry Reference List Reference Citation in Text
Book with 1 to 2 authors Cohen, L.G., & Spenciner, L.J. (1994). Assessment of young children. White Plains, NY: Longman. (Cohen & Spenciner, 1994)
Book with 3 to 5 authors Pratkanis, A.R., Brekler, S.J., & Greenwald, A.G. (1989). Attitude structure and function. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. (Pratkanis, Breckler, & Greenwald, 1989) first citation
(Pratkanis et al., 1989) subsequent citations
Edited book Gibbs, J.T., & Huang, L.N. (Eds.). (1991). Children of color: Psychological interventions with minority youth. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. (Gibbs & Huang, 1991)
Chapter from a book Masaro, D. (1992). Broadening the domain of the fuzzy logical model of perception. In H.L. Pick, Jr., P. van den Broek, & D.C. Knill (Eds.), Cognition: Conceptual and methodological issues (pp. 51-84). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. (Masaro, 1992)
Journal article with 2 authors (paginated by issue) Klimoski, R., & Palmer, S. (1993). The ADA and the hiring process in organizations. Consulting Psychology Journal: Practice and Research, 45(2), 10-36. (Klimoski & Palmer, 1993)
Journal article with 3 to 6 authors Kendall, P.C., Stark, K.D., & Adam, T. (1990). Cognitive deficit or cognitive distortion of childhood depression. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 18, 255-270. (Kendall, Stark, & Adam, 1990) first citation
(Kendall et al., 1990) subsequent citations
Newspaper article with no author New drug appears to sharply cut risk of death from heart failure. (1993, July 15). The Washington Post, p. A12. ("New Drug," 1993)
Magazine article Posner, M.I. (1993, October 29). Seeing the mind. Science, 262, 673-674. (Posner, 1993)
Encyclopedia article Bergmann, P.G. (1993). Relativity. In The new encyclopaedia Britannica (Vol. 26, pp. 501-508). Chicago: Encyclopaedia Britannica. (Bergmann, 1993)
Monographic series Davidoff, R.A. (1995). Migraine: Manifestations, pathogenesis, and management (Contemporary Neurology Series No. 42). Philadelphia: F.A. Davis. (Davidoff, 1995)
ERIC document Mead, J.V. (1992). Looking at old photographs: Investigating the teacher tales that novice teachers bring with them (Report No. NCRTL-RR-92-4). East Lansing, MI: National Center for Research on Teacher Learning. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED346082) (Mead, 1992)

Citing Electronic Resources

Regardless of format, authors using and citing Internet sources should observe the following two guidelines:

  1. Direct readers as closely as possible to the information being cited; whenever possible, reference specific documents rather than home or menu pages.
  2. Provide addresses that work

(Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 2001)

Type of Entry Reference List Reference Citation in Text
Electronic book retrieved from database Nieswiadomy, R. M. (2008). Foundations of nursing research (5th ed.). Retrieved from STAT!Ref database. (Nieswiadomy, 2008)
Document on university program or department Web site Trapp, Y. U. (2005). Multiple intelligences: The learning process in our students. Retrieved July 1, 2006, from Yale University, Yale-New Haven Teachers Institute Web site: http://www.yale.edu/ynhti/curriculum/units/2001/6/01.06.10.x.html (Trapp, 2005)
Electronic journal article with 1 to 2 authors, retrieved from database, with DOI Wilens, T. E., & Biederman, J. (2006). Alcohol, drugs, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A model for the study of addictions in youth. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 20(4), 580-588. doi:10.1177/0269881105058776 (Wilens & Biederman, 2006)
Electronic journal article, 3-5 authors, retrieved from database, without DOI Tang, P., Yuan, W., & Tseng, H. (2005). Clinical follow-up study on diabetes patients participating in a health management plan. Journal of Nursing Research, 13(4), 253-261. Retrieved from CINAHL database. (Tang, Yuan, & Tseng, 2005)
first citation
(Tang et al., 2005) subsequent citations
Eelectronic journal article with 1 to 2 authors, freely available, without DOI Sillick, T. J., & Schutte, N. S. (2006). Emotional intelligence and self-esteem mediate between perceived early parental love and adult happiness. E-Journal of Applied Psychology, 2(2), 38-48. Retrieved from http://ojs.lib.swin.edu.au/index.php/ejap/article/view/71/100 (Sillick & Schutte, 2006)
Eelectronic journal article preprint with 3 to 5 authors, published online before print Moore, R. S., Ames, G. M., & Cunradi, C. B. (2007). Physical and social availability of alcohol for young enlisted naval personnel in and around home port. Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy, 2(1), 17. Advance online publication. Retrieved July 25, 2007. doi:10.1186/1747-597X-2-17 (Moore, Ames, & Cunradi, 2007), first citation
(Moore, et al., 2007), subsequent citations
Web site Abramson Cancer Center of the University of Pennsylvania OncoLink: Non-Hodgkin's Lymphomas: The Basics. Retrieved October 22, 2007 from http://cancer.med.upenn.edu/types/article.cfm?c=10&s=36&ss=820&id=9539 (Abramson Cancer Center of the University of Pennsylvania, 2007)